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To kick-off the New Year, the Hybrid Electric Vehicle Team of Virginia Tech (HEVT) participated in the 2012 Hampton Roads International Auto Show and helped celebrate the 100th year of the event.

Hosted by the Hampton Roads Automobile Dealers Association (HRADA), the show was held at the Virginia Beach Convention Center in early January. HEVT was among the exhibitors featured in the front lobby display area. As a LEED Gold certified building, the convention center offered preferred parking for eco-friendly vehicles, which was something the team members thought was great!

“We consistently strive to make sure that our show is relevant to the consumer and our lobby display is a key component in our ability to show trends in the automotive industry,” said HRADA Events Producer and Show Director Peter Alexander. “I’ve been associated with the show for over twenty years now and there is a definite transition to lean and green.”

The auto show gave HEVT a chance to reach out to a new audience. “There were so many Virginia Tech alums who were proud to see Virginia Tech participating in an advanced vehicle technology competition such as EcoCAR 2,” said team leader Jon King. Many attendees had previous knowledge of HEVT and AVT competitions. Aside from Tech fans, attendees with general interest in sustainable vehicles also visited the HEVT table.

Lead Outreach Coordinator Rommelyn Conde spoke with an alumnus who recalled being introduced to electric vehicles in the 1970s. “While living in Blacksburg, he and his wife remember a local dealership on Main Street which sold ‘Elcars,’ a popular electric car produced by the Elcar Corporation,” Rommelyn said. “Comparing the ‘Elcar’ to the Chevy EcoCAR, he commented on how far technology has come.”

Sarah Kilbourne, an outreach coordinator for HEVT, took the opportunity to participate in GM’s Ride and Drive booth. She had the choice of test-driving a Chevrolet, Buick or GMC vehicle. “I drove the Volt and found it amazingly smooth,” said Sarah. “There was a constant line to drive the Volt since it was in such high demand.” That comes as no surprise, since the Volt was just voted the “Most Earth-Friendly” vehicle at the Detroit Auto Show!

Peter Alexander added, “HEVT’s interaction with the public and ability to provide information and education about how the industry is evolving provides relevance for the show and helps us to keep the consumers coming back year after year.”

HEVT certainly enjoyed being a part of the 100th anniversary of the Hampton Roads International Auto Show. The team extends its thanks to the event organizers and HRADA for a great weekend!

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Mike Ogburn first became involved in energy efficiency research and implementation during the early days of Advanced Vehicle Technology Competitions (AVTC) with FutureCar in 1998. After graduating from Virginia Tech, he worked at Ford Motor Company as a product development engineer, developing the first fuel cell powertrains with Ballard Fuel Cells for the Hydrogen Fuel Cell Focus, and as a calibration engineer tuning software systems on the Hybrid Escape. But after three years at Ford, Ogburn wanted a change from working on vehicles for a time.

However, he did not plan for how far this break would take him or how much time he would take to come to a decision about his next step in life. For over two years following his decision to take a break from Ford, he lived aboard a boat with his now wife, Tina.  Together, they set out on an old 37 foot sailboat, leaving Florida for the Bahamas for 6 months.  They eventually upgraded the boat with solar powered refrigeration and sailed 9,000 miles to 32 countries around the Caribbean, including Venezuela, Columbia, and several Central American countries before arriving back in Florida in 2006. By the end of his trip, Mike says he’d had plenty of time to think.

“I was tired of working on just cars,” Ogburn remembers. “Even electric cars get stuck in traffic.  I wanted to work on more types of renewable energy, to work more on energy efficiency to make a bigger difference in the world.”

Ogburn continued his career at Rocky Mountain Institute, an independent, nonprofit think-and-do tank with the mission to drive the efficient and restorative use of resources. While there, he worked with heavy truck fuel efficiency and lightweight vehicles. Ironically, a lightweight vehicle from University of Wisconsin had beaten his FutureCar team in 1999.

“At RMI, I realized there’s much more to saving the planet than just better powertrains in cars, or better furnaces in houses.  True energy efficiency needs a broader perspective if is going to succeed at the lowest possible cost.”

Experience at the Rocky Mountain Institute led Ogburn to serve on the board for North American Council for Freight Efficiency (NACFE), an organization that seeks to ensure the safe, efficient and profitable future of the trucking industry.  He also served on an advisory board organized by the International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT) that advised the EPA on heavy truck fuel efficiency rules announced by the White House in August 2011.

Today he works for Clean Energy Economy for the Region (CLEER), an organization that develops and implements energy efficient programs for Garfield Clean Energy and its individual partners, striving to achieve energy savings.

One of Ogburn’s recent successes was through his work at new Recreation Center built in 2007 in Carbondale, CO. While the building was already a LEED-Platinum facility with a 70,000 watt solar electricity system, his work helped cut the building’s energy use by an astonishing 40 percent with no additional capital investment. The operational improvement to software controls paid for itself in a month, and has saved roughly $10,000 in just the first 12 months he says. “These building cost savings results link directly back to my involvement in AVTC, where I learned how to build energy systems on vehicles before refining that knowledge working for Ford on advanced vehicles,” Ogburn said.

CLEER has a vehicle efficiency program that works with fleet efficiency solutions to help reduce petroleum consumption.  His work has coordinated large regional fleet-efficiency workshops and even helped deploy a demonstration project of Neighborhood Electric Vehicles. Additionally, Ogburn is one of two people to run the Western Slope Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) Collaborative, a partnership between local governments, the oil and gas industry, and businesses in the region to help ensure that refueling infrastructure, repair shops, dealer support and other services are in place to support CNG vehicles of all types. The goal is to keep money within the community rather than importing oil, Ogburn says.

Having grown up in a passive solar house in Virginia, energy efficiency was always important to Mike and working with FutureCar ‘98 led him to continue his dedication by going on to participate in FutureCar ’99 and FutureTruck ‘00. In doing so, his graduate school was paid for by National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), which wanted his team’s data for their ADVISOR (Advanced VehIcle SimulatOR) program. ADVISOR enables a user to simulate a conventional, hybrid, electric, or fuel cell vehicle over a city or highway drive cycle to predict vehicle performance. He and his team helped release some of the first fuel cell data ever made public and authored several SAE papers on their findings that won awards when presented at the 2000 SAE Congress in Detroit.

For three years, Ogburn served as team leader for Virginia Tech’s Hybrid Electric Vehicle Team, working on all aspects of the competition, from organizing teams and overseeing projects to presenting and dynamic testing at competitions. While a lot of his focus was on management, he also spent long hours in the shop, using his skills to help with other projects, such as welding. His most notable experience was the opportunity to share the podium with then Secretary of Energy Bill Richardson.

Since his early experiences, Ogburn doesn’t simply talk the talk. Living sustainably and efficiently has become a part of his everyday life. He tries to ride his bike to work once a week. He owns a Prius hybrid and a small, efficient SUV that lets him and his family reach mountain trailheads on weekends. His office is in a solar-powered, renovated, recycled school building and only uses lights in the winter – the rest of the year they rely solely on skylights.

Ten solar panels on his home’s roof cover about 60 percent of his home’s electricity needs. When he installed the system, he had to do some wiring and decided to run extra wires to his garage to support an electric vehicle plug in the hopes of someday owning an electric vehicle.

“Twelve years after working on FutureCar, I can finally buy a plug-in vehicle made in the USA,” Ogburn says.  Even better, he says, is knowing that his team members from VT are working on electric vehicles at three different US car companies.  “AVTC really made a difference in our lives, and in the energy future of this nation.”

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All over the country, big cities and small towns are trying to find new ways to be environmentally friendly. One of the newest green trends involves replacing regular police cruisers or motorcycles with electric ones.

Photo: Nick Allen, Flickr

The Big Apple is just one of the major cities greening their crime-fighting vehicle force. The New York Police Department has decided to incorporate 70 more Chevrolet Volt patrol cars into its fleet. The city estimates that each Volt added will save approximately 4, 000 gallons of gasoline and around $15, 000 during the lifespan of each individual car. These Chevy Volts have been rated by the EPA as the most fuel efficient compact cars found and sold in the United States. New York has also incorporated 70 new charging stations in locations all over the city to improve the convenience of these newly added vehicles. City municipal developers hope that the cars have two lasting effects: spread knowledge to the general public about the advantages and fuel economy of electric vehicles as well as offering a low emission environmentally friendly alternative in a busy, urban environment. Currently, the NYPD has the largest fuel-efficient vehicle fleet in the nation. However, it is not only big cities taking the lead on improving the environment but also smaller towns.

Zero DS Electric Bike - Photo: Nicolas Boullosa, Flickr

Sheboygan Falls, Wisconsin, located in the southeastern part of the state, has a population of 7,600 and is about an hour away from the cities of Milwaukee and Green Bay. However, even this small town is doing its part to save the environment. Using money obtained through a federal grant, the Sheboygan Falls Police Department hopes to add an electric motorcycle to its law enforcement task force within the next few weeks. According to Chief of Police Steve Riffel, the Zero DS street bike-dirt bike hybrid will be funded by a $10,000 grant from the Wisconsin state Office of Justice Assistance. Riffel says the bikes can go through parks and trails and also can patrol along the streets. Riffel also said that the bike will be purchased as soon as the city council approves it and should arrive within the next few weeks. Reaching a top speed of 68 mph and traveling up to 58 miles on a single charge, the bike, powered by a lithium battery, uses only approximately 48 cents of electricity per charge. Compare this to the price of gas today and it is clear which option is more energy and economically efficient. Sheboygan Falls was one of three Wisconsin towns to receive federal funding but so far is the only one to comment on the use of such funding.

While these are only two examples of how state and city officials are helping to improve the environment, many other state and city officials including those in Virginia and Massachusetts, have promised clean-air vehicles to join their crime-fighting fleets in the near future. We hope that someday soon, the advanced technologies used in the EcoCAR Competition will be included in police vehicles as well!

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The revolution of the auto industry will be epic. It is happening right now. As the possibilities of alternative fuels are endless, the options are also endless. One technology bridges the gap between current and future vehicles: electric drive. Whether it is paired with gasoline today or alternative fuels tomorrow, electric vehicle technology adds convenience, efficiency, and appeal to motor vehicles.

What possibilities will alternative fuels bring to the auto industry next? Check out Missouri S&T’s awesome movie trailer-style video to see why EcoCARs are the answer!

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Take the EcoCAR of course!

UVic EcoCAR recently held an outreach event at the Saanich Centennial Library to promote Earth Day. The team decided to drive their EcoCAR to the event and test its all-electric drive mode. The drive was a standard city trip, with lots of stop and go and a maximum speed of 55 km/h. Overall the vehicle drove 16 km (10 miles), depleting only a quarter of its battery capacity.

Check out this cool sped-up video of the EcoCAR’s trip:

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The Ohio State (OSU) EcoCAR team is working to implement the SAE J1772 standard for charging electric vehicles into their vehicle.  This standard outlines the requirements electric vehicles must follow in order to be charged at public charging stations. The charge port and plug that Yazaki North America donated allowed the team to incorporate the communication required to meet the standard.

Implementing SAE J1772 allows the charge station to interact with the vehicle, turning on vehicle controllers and increasing functionality.  The vehicle touch screen now displays a battery charging screen with a state-of-charge indicator while plugged in.  In addition, the vehicle DC/DC convertor is awakened and simultaneously charges the 12V battery, eliminating the need for an external 12V charger.  Charging communication also allows the vehicle to charge on both 120V or 240V, which makes for faster charging times.

Meeting this standard is a big step for the OSU team in ensuring that their EcoCAR maintains its consumer appeal in addition to being eco-friendly!

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In order to meet President Obama’s ambitious goal of one million electric vehicles on the road by 2015, today’s electric vehicles will need to be improved substantially. Batteries, many experts agree, are the component of electric cars that are holding most consumers back. Despite more than two centuries of battery innovation, today’s car batteries remain costly and inefficient compared to other consumer options.

That’s why researchers at Argonne National Laboratory are experimenting with various changes to battery designs. Replacing lithium cathodes with mixes of cobalt, manganese or nickel could boost the energy capacity of car batteries by 100%. Argonne is also working with silicone anodes (as opposed to conventional carbon anodes) in an effort to increase the charge a battery can hold.A row of plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) battery cells. Photo: Argonne National Laboratory

A row of plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) battery cells. Photo: Argonne National Laboratory

The partnership between Argonne and EcoCAR is helping to make electric and other alternative-fuel vehicles a reality. Argonne even installed several charging stations on its campus recently to encourage the use of electric vehicles. As Argonne experiments with new technologies like redesigned batteries and charging stations, the EcoCAR teams have implemented cutting-edge technologies into their vehicles!

Click here to read a recent article from The New York Times about Argonne’s battery research.

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This week, NPR ran a story about Paris’ plan to launch an electric vehicle-sharing system across the city. The initiative is scheduled to roll out in September of next year and will be considered the world’s largest electric car access program. Paris already has a successful bike rental system, known as Velib, so the city is hoping that the car sharing system, Autolib, will be a big hit.

What do you think of Paris’ Autolib plan? Do you think it will take off? Would you participate in a similar program if it was in the U.S.?

Here in the U.S., we are already making great progress in the electric vehicle arena with a strong focus on electric charging stations. Autoblog Green just reported that by October 2011, the ChargePoint America program is expected to complete the  installation of 4,600 free public and home charging stations funded by a $15-million grant from the government. The chargers will allover the country including Austin, TX, Detroit, Los Angeles, New York, Orlando, FL, Sacramento, CA, San Francisco, Redmond, WA, and Washington D.C.

Are the chargers heading your way? Be on the look-out for the latest in electric vehicle innovation! We’re excited!

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After the Year Two EcoCAR competition, the OSU team took some time to recover while the vehicle and supplies were being shipped home. Now that the OSU team is well rested, they are gearing up for Year Three and anxious to prove that their design and vehicle are worthy of the 5th place honors received at the Year Two EcoCAR Challenge Competition.

The team kicked off the summer by improving the EcoCAR’s power output and getting the front powertrain working. A major focus was trying new calibrations for boosting the power and current from the primary electric drive. This yielded immediate satisfaction with better performance. Now with a better performing vehicle and the completed systems from competition, the team showed off the EcoCAR to teammates and university officials that had not seen it since before competition. The OSU team’s next priority was to take on the much anticipated troubleshooting of the front powertrain. During competition, the front powertrain was not working and left the team with a short range electric vehicle, which was certainly not part of the plan. However, the troubleshooting is now moving in the right direction. The team only spent a few hours working on the electric machine and wiring issues before the system was fully up and running.

Under the hood of the OSU EcoCAR!

Now that the OSU team has the system running as planned, the summer has been devoted to various controls efforts and lots of testing and tuning. The team hopes to gain a big advantage in Year Three and is looking forward to seeing their own progress compared to the other teams!

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With seven E85, six B20 biodiesel, two H2 fuel cell, and one full-electric vehicle at the Year Two Finals, the contest was fierce as each team showcased their unique vehicle architecture and competed for the first place trophy.

In the end, Mississippi State University took top honors with their plug-in series hybrid. The team won more than 15 awards during the Year Two Competition Finals, including 1st place in Energy Storage Design, 1st place in Outreach, 1st place in every Emissions and Energy Consumption event, and had the Best Controls, Mechanical, and Vehicle Design Review presentations.

In Year Two, the Mississippi team integrated a variety of components into their vehicle to decrease emissions and maintain consumer acceptability. The team’s plug-in range-extended hybrid included a well designed, translucent energy storage system cover with an inventive liquid cooling system. They had an innovative high-voltage wire routing, urea injection system, and maintained stock cargo space. They even bettered the baseline vehicle by more than two seconds in the Autocross Event.

MSU's EcoCAR on the road!

MSU also won every dynamic event in the Emission and Energy Consumption category. For the first time in Advanced Vehicle Technology Competition history, the Mississippi team received the highest fuel consumption score. The team utilized more than 90 percent of their 21 kWh battery pack and finished both the 22 mile and 44 mile schedule without using any biodiesel. The team was also able to significantly reduce their petroleum use by charge depleting for 60 miles and bettered the baseline vehicle’s greenhouse gas score by more than 30 percent in the Well-to-Wheel Greenhouse Gases event. In the end, Mississippi State achieved Tier 2, Bin 7 emissions over the EcoCAR drive schedule and averaged less than 2 Lge/100km in fuel consumption.

Taking home second place at the Year Two Finals, Virginia Tech won a combined eight trophies including Best Electrical Presentation and Best Braking, and was the runner up in Best Petroleum Energy Usage and Best Tailpipe Emissions. The team’s E85 engine with a 15 kilowatt belted alternator and 80 kilowatt rear traction drive successfully completed every dynamic event.  Virginia Tech’s vehicle stopped within mere seconds during the Braking event and won Best Static Consumer Acceptability with a clean engine compartment, five passenger seating, and a fully functional touch screen.

The Virginia Tech EcoCAR during emissions testing

Penn State University placed third overall with a 1.3L, B20 biodiesel series hybrid. At the Year Two Finals, the team took home eight awards, including Best AVL Drive Quality, Best Social Media, 2nd in A123 Battery Design, 3rd in Outreach, and was the runner up in Best Fuel Consumption and Best Tailpipe Emissions. The team’s fuel consumption averaged around 4.1 Lge/100 km and the EcoCAR displayed impressive acceleration linearity and quick throttle response during the Drive Quality dynamic tests. In addition, the team was able to host more than 50 outreach events and increase media relations by more than 400 percent in the outreach program.

The PSU team working under hood

Although Mississippi State, Virginia Tech and Penn State were the top three teams in Year Two, there was a variety of other awards given out during Finals. You can find the complete list of winners, here.

With only one year left, the EcoCAR competition will get fierce as all 16 EcoCAR teams fight for the number one spot in Year Three. Who will it be? Check back to the Inside the Green Garage blog throughout Year Three for team and competition updates!

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